A Case Study on Hospital Readmission Prediction Using Deep Learning Algorithms on EHRs

Abstract

In this paper, focus is made on predicting the patients who are going to be re-admitted back in the hospital before discharge using latest deep-learning algorithms is applied on the electronic health records of patients which is a time-series data. To begin with the study of the data and its analysis this project deployed the conventional supervised ML algorithms like the Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest and SVM and compared their performances on different portion sizes of dataset. The final model built uses deep-learning architectures such as RNN and LSTM to improve the prediction results taking advantage of the time series data. Another feature added has been of low dimensional descriptions of medical concepts as the input to the model. Ultimately, this work tests, validates, and explains the developed system using the MIMIC-III dataset, which contains around 38000 patient’s information and about 61,155 patient’s data who admitted in ICU, duration of 10 years. The support from this exhaustive dataset is used to train the models that provide healthcare workers with proper information regarding their discharge and readmission in hospitals. These ML and deep learning models are used to know about the patient who is getting to be readmitted in the ICU before his discharge will help the hospital to allocate resources properly and also reduce the financial risk of patients.

In order to reduce ICU readmission that can be avoided, hospitals have to be able to recognize patients who have a higher risk of ICU readmission. Those patients can then continue to stay in the ICU so that they will not have the risk of getting admit back to the hospital. Also, the resources of hospitals that were required for avoidable readmission can be re-allocated to more critical areas in the hospital that need them. A more effective model of predicting readmission system can play an important role in helping hospitals and ICU doctors to find the patients who are going to be readmitted before discharge. To build this system here we use different ML and deep-learning algorithms. Predictive models based on huge amounts of data are made to predict the patients who are going to be admitted back in the hospital after discharge.