Memory Loss and Alzheimer's Disease Progression Convolutional Neural Networks with Dropout Layers for Optimal Filtered Features in MRI Images of the Hippocampus for Slice Selection Based on Landmarks

Main Article Content

Mr.S.Vinod Kumar
Baira Sai Supraja
Baluguri Naga Maheshwari
Boda Madhuri

Abstract

The public health threat of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is now widely accepted. When using machine learning techniques and MRI scanning to detect Alzheimer's disease, the hippocampi are readily accessible and one among the most afflicted brain regions. AD classification by machine learning algorithms using complete MRI slices was unsatisfactory. This article describes how to choose MRI slices using hippocampus landmarks. This research aims to find the best accurate AD categorization MRI pictures. Next, utilizing Resnet50 or LeNet using various classifiers with the open-source and free ADNI dataset, the three views and categories were valued. The models used 4,500 Neuroimaging slices from three perspectives and categories for training. We found that AD classification was better with MRI scan segments than whole slices. The coronal view showed our method's machine learning accuracy enhancement most clearly. This strategy greatly enhanced machine learning accuracy. The findings from a rotational perspective matched what clinicians use to identify AD. Additionally, LeNet models may classify AD effectively.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Article Details

How to Cite
S., V. K. ., Sai Supraja , B. ., Naga Maheshwari , B. ., & Madhuri , B. . (2024). Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Convolutional Neural Networks with Dropout Layers for Optimal Filtered Features in MRI Images of the Hippocampus for Slice Selection Based on Landmarks. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 15(3), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v15i3.14786
Section
Articles

References

"2017 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures," published by the Alzheimer's Association, volume 13, issue 4, pages 325–373, April 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.02.001, Alzheimer's Dementia.

"Dementia prevention, treatment, among care: 2020 findings of the Lancet commission," published in the Lancet in 2020 (vol. 396, no. 10248, pp. 413-446), with the DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30367-6. The authors include G. Livingston, J. Huntley, R. Sommerlad, B. Ames, D. Ballard, and S. Banerjee.

Clinical use of skeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Alzheimer's disease [3] D. B. Frisoni, N. H. Fox, C. R. Jack's birthday, P. Scheltens, with P. M. Thompson. February 2010, Nature Reviews Neurology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 67-77, doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2009.215. [4] "Impact of novel pharmaceuticals for medical treatment in Alzheimer's disease," by J. Olloquequi, S. Ettcheto, B. Cano, E. Sanchez-López, A. Carrasco, T. Espinosa, D. Beas-Zarate, R. Gudiño-Cabrera, L. E. Ureña-Guerrero, D. Verdaguer, M. Folch, R. Auladell, et al. Publishing in 2022, with a DOI of 10.31083/j.fbl2705146, this article is part of the Frontiers BioscienceLandmark series.

In their review titled "Hippocampus and its function in Alzheimer's disease: Agrawal," published in 3 Biotech in February 2022, the authors Y. L. Rao, B. Ganaraja, D. V. Murlimanju, T. happiness A. Krishnamurthy, et A. Agrawal compiled the following information: doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4.

"MRI of hippocampus in starting Alzheimer's disease," a doctoral dissertation by M. Laakso published in 1996 in the Seido Neurol. journal of the University of Kuopio in Kuopio, Finland.

The sentence might be paraphrased as: "The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the long-term prediction of Alzheimer's disease and dementia has implications for the development of predictive models" (p. 7). published in January 2019 in NeuroImage, Clinical, article number 101837, doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101837.

"Automated detection, selection and characterization of synaptic landmark points for determining the presence of Alzheimer's disease," published in "Comput. Methods Programmes Physio., vol. 214, Feb. 2022, Article no. 106581," and has the DOI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106581.

''Classification of structures using MRI for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease,'' A. Demirhan said in his paper [9]. December 2016, International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications, volume 4, issue 1, pages 195–198.

"Early Alzheimer's disease diagnoses with the impairment of contrast using paired structural MRIs," conducted by H. Qiao, L. Chen, Z. Ye, or F. Zhu [10]. Publication date: September 20, 2021, volume 208, article number 106282, online DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106282.

"Detecting the stages of Alzheimer's disease with trained deep learning architectures," S. Savaş said in his publication [11]. Published in 2022 in the Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering, volume 47, issue 2, pages 2201-2218, 61694 Number eleven, 2023 The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with landmarks on the hippocampus for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis (Y. Pusparani et al., 2018).

''Radiological imaging and machine learning: Trends, views, and possibilities,'' published in May 2019 in Comput. Biol. Med., with the DOI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.02.017, is written by Z. Zhang and E. Sejdić.

"A deep learning pipeline to identify different stages of Alzheimer's disease from fMRI data," by Y. Kazemi and S. Houghten, published in CIBCB: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer-Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computer Biology (May 2018, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/CIBCB.2018.8404980).

In their article titled "A study examining the uses of neural networks in finding signs of Alzheimer's disease," published in the International Journal of Cognitive Computing Engineering in June 2022, S. Gao + D. Lima provide the necessary information.

"''MRI field strength predicts Alzheimer's disease: A case showing bias in the ADNI research set,'' in Proc. IEEE 19th Int. Soc. Physiol. Imag. (ISBI), Mar. 2022, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ISBI52829.2022. 9761504.' written by E. Thibeau-Sutre, B. Couvy-Duchesne, E. Dormont, E. Colliot, with N. Burgos.

In the paper "Multi-class classification of Alzheimer's disease using 3DCNN features + multilayer perceptron," the authors cite their work from the 6th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WiSPNET) in March 2021. The article is available online at doi:10.1109/WiSPNET51692.2021.9419393.

*"A complex convolutional neural network-inspired software guided diagnosis system for forecasting the development of Alzheimer's disease in MRI images," published in 2017 by Sathiyamoorthi et al. The article is published in Measurement, volume 171, issue 2, and has the DOI of 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108838.

M. Yamanakkanavar, J. J. Choi, respectively, & B. Kim conducted a study on the use of deep learning for MRI segmentation as well as categorization in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The survey was published in Sensors, volume 20, issue 11, pages 3243, June 2020, with the DOI 10.3390/s20113243.

"Machine learning-assisted diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, Volume 607, Pages 607-619 (Springer, 2020), with the DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-51859-2_55. The authors are M. Karthiga, T. Sountharrajan, S. Nandhini, et B. S. Kumar.

Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Imag. Systems. Techn. (IST), Oct. 2017, page 20 (A. Farooq, S. Anwar, M. Awais, & S. Rehman, "A deep CNN on multi-class classification of Alzheimer's disease using MRI").