The Role of Control of Internal Business Receivables in Supporting the Effectiveness of Receiving Business Receivables (Case Study at PT X)

Abstract: The research method used in this study is explanatory research. The population in this study was all employees at PT. X Home and Brach Office. Data collection techniques used in this study was using questionnaires with a total sample of 60 respondents. The program used in analyzing data uses SPSS Version 24. Based on the result of the study, it shows that Account Receivable Internal Control and Accounts Receivable Receipt Effectiveness is included in the good category. The result of the study also showed that account Receivable Internal Control in contributing to Accounts Receivable Receipt Effectiveness’s 30.1%. So the higher the Account Receivable Internal Control was, the Higher the Accounts Receivable Receipt Effectiveness.


Introduction
The business competition that is getting tighter in the current era of globalization is demanding companies to run their companies more effectively and efficiently. In achieving the effectiveness of a company, the company must achieve its goal, namely profit maximization. In maximizing profit, one way is to increase sales or revenue. An increase in revenue or sales can also increase accounts receivable. An uncontrolled increase in accounts receivable can result in bad debts.
At Detik Finance (2009), PT. Petrosea suffered a loss of US $ 14.5 million due to a US $ 26.9 million bleaching of uncollectible receivables, even though there was a decrease in expense accounts that succeeded in driving 44.99% of the first semester's gross profit to the US $ 24,895 million from the US $ 17,170 million. Likewise, administrative expenses were also successfully reduced by 15.67% to the US $ 8.392 million in the first semester of 2009 from the previous US $ 9,952 million. This boosted operating profit growth to reach 128.63% to the US $ 16.503 million in the first semester of 2009. In the first semester of 2008, PTRO's operating profit was the US $ 7,218 million.
Subaweh et al. (2008) states that the control of accounts receivable starts before the approval of sending merchandise, until after the preparation and issuance of invoices, and ends with the collection of the proceeds from the sale. Accounts receivable control procedures are closely related to cash receipts and inventory control.

Previous related research
Previous research consists of researches conducted by previous researchers related to this study. In addition, the research results of the related topic are presented in the The management of receivables and the potential doubtful at a tutoring agency X in Madiun there have been improvements in the new school year 2016-2017. So in the new academic year 2015-2016 is no longer doubtful, but still no payment policy on credit to be paid each maturity.

Accounts receivable internal control
Internal control aspects of accounts receivable according to Firdaus A Dunia (2013) are as follows: 1 Separating the function of employees or the division that handles sales transactions (operations) from the accounting function for accounts receivable. 2 Employees in charge of accounting for accounts receivable must be separated from the function of receiving receivables. 3 All transactions for providing credit, giving deductions, and writing off receivables must be approved by the competent authority. 4 Receivables should be recorded in the accounts receivable supplementary books. The total of these supplementary book balances must be matched with the relevant ledger, at least once a month. In addition, at the end of the month customers (debtors) must be sent a statement of receivables. 5 The company must make a list of receivables based on their age.
According to Wilson and Campbell (2002), there are three general areas of control at which point action can be taken to bring about control of accounts receivable. The three fields are: 1. Granting trade credit.

The effectiveness of acceptance of receivables
According to Usman Sastradipraja 2010, accounts receivable turnover can be determined by dividing the amount of credit sales during a certain period by the average amount of accounts receivable. The formula used to measure the effectiveness of cash receipts from receivables is as follows:

Theoretical framework
The results of his research prove that the accounting information system has a very important role in the implementation of the structure of accounts receivable internal control. This is one of the tools management in the company's operations. Hastoni and Dewi Susanti Aprilisabeth (2009) research prove accounting information systems 25 credit sales have a significant role to increase the effectiveness of internal control of receivables and cash receipts at PT Trinunggal Komara. This research is also in line with Noviani (2004), Hutapea (2011) and Ompusunggu (2002) in their research also proves that the accounting information system together affects the effectiveness of the implementation of internal control.
Based on this description, the following hypothesis can be formulated: Ho: The Role of internal control influences effectiveness of acceptance of account receivable receives. Ha: The role of internal control does not influence the effectiveness of acceptance account receivable

Research Method
Techniques for collecting data are through scientific texts, companies' financial statements; official websites download which are related to research variables.

Classical assumption test
This study uses the classical assumption assessment aimed at determining the accuracy of the relationship between variables (normally distributed or not) contained in the study. Types of classical assumption tests used are normality test (Kolmogrov Smirnov), Multicollinearity Test (VIF and Tolerance), heteroscedasticity test (Glejser), and autocorrelation test (run test) (Ghozali, 2018).

Hypothesis testing
This study uses the t test that is testing the regression coefficient of each independent variable on the dependent variable to determine how much influence the independent variable has on the dependent variable. The criteria for making this hypothesis are taken as follows: 1) Ho rejected if t statistic < 0,05 or tcalculated > ttable; 2) Ho accepted if t statistic > 0,05 or tcalculated < ttable (Ghozali, 2018)

Independent variable illustration
The independent variable is a stimulus for variables that affect other variables that are measured, manipulated or selected by the researcher to determine its relationship with an observed symptom (Jonathan Sarwono, 2006). In this study, there are independent variables (X) that is the role of internal control.

Dependent variable illustration
The dependent variable is the variable that responds when connected to the independent variable. The dependent variable is the variable whose variable is observed and measured to determine the effect caused by the independent variable (Jonathan Sarwono, 2006). In this study, the dependent variable (Y) is effectiveness acceptance account receivable.

Operationalization of variables
The following table shows the operationalization of the variables:

Results and Analysis
The data obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to several respondents will be used as a basis for providing responses regarding the Internal Control of Accounts Receivable which is measured using five indicators which are operationalized into 25 statement items. To find out the scores of respondents' answers related to each indicator of Internal Control Accounts Receivable at PT. X, then it is presented in tables.  Table 3 shows that the average score of respondents 'answers to statement items regarding indicators on Internal Control of Accounts Receivable, the percentage of respondents' answers obtained is 89.6% when referring to the response rate, and then the value is included in the "Good" category. That is because the value is in the percentage between "76% -100%.
The data obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to a number of respondents will be used as a basis for providing responses regarding the Effectiveness of Receivables which are measured using two indicators which are operationalized into 18 statement items. To find out the scores of respondents' answers related to each indicator of the Effectiveness of Receivables from PT. X, then it is presented in tabular form.  Table 3 shows that the average score of respondents 'answers to eighteen statement items regarding indicators on the Effectiveness of Accounts Receivable Receivables, the total percentage score of respondents' answers obtained is 89.94% when referring to the response rate, then the value is included in the category " Good "because the value is in the percentage between" 76% -100%. Based on the table above, it can be seen that the regression coefficient value is on the Unstandardized Coefficient "β" value, so the regression equation can be presented as follows:

Linear regression analysis
The interpretation of the results of the regression equation for each of the above variables is as follows: a. The constant value is 87.403, which means that if all the independent variables, namely the role of internal control, have a value of 0 (zero) and there is no change, it is predicted that effectiveness of acceptance of account receivable will be worth 87.403%. b. The role of internal control value is 0.058, which means that there is an increase of 0.058% in effectiveness of acceptance of account receivable when there is a one-unit increase in the role of internal control. Based on the table above, the correlation coefficient value X with Y is obtained from the R value of 0.301, so that it has a strong relationship. Meanwhile, the magnitude of the influence of X on Y is in accordance with the R Square value of 0.276. So that the coefficient of determination of 0.276 shows that the role of internal control effect of 27.60% on effectiveness of acceptance of account receivable (Y). While the remaining 72.4% is influenced by other factors not observed in this study.

Hypothesis test
The role of internal control affects the effectiveness of acceptance of account receivable due to sig. the role of internal control is less than 0.05 and the tvalue of 14.070 is in the rejection area for Ho.