Energy Measurement of Solar Through Cloud Source Using Arduino

-This project's aim is to use Arduino Board technology to create measurements of solar energy. Temperature, light, voltage, and current and the four parameters are measured in this analysis. The temperature sensor is used to measure temperature. The intensity of light is calculated using a LDR sensor. Since the voltage provided by the solar panel is too high to be used as a receiver for the Arduino, a voltage divider was used to determine the voltage. Finally, acs712 module was used to calculate the current, which can detect the current generated by the solar panel. These parameters were shown on the LCD screen as the Arduino's input and output values. The values are all displayed on the LCD panel and mobile phone through the cloud. Arduino's goal is to convert the parameter's analog input to a digital output and display it on an LCD, as well as on a smartphone. Aside from that, this project often involves a plan that ensure the device case is easy.


I. INTRODUCTION
Carbon emissions and therefore the burning of fossil fuels, like coal, have caused many countries to seem for energy sources so as to scale back their reliance on fossil fuels.Solar energy is one of the most promising sources of energy currently getting used to assist meet the growing global demand for electricity.The conversion of sunlight into electricity is known as solar power; sunlight can be obtained directly through photovoltaics or indirectly through the use of solar power concentrations.
As the cost of solar energy has decreased, the number of grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems has increased to millions, and Solar power plants with hundreds of megawatts of capacity are being built on a regular basis.Solar photovoltaic is becoming an affordable, technology that is low-carbon for extracting solar energy is a clean source of energy.Arindam Bose et al. present their findings in this article.A solar system with two stepper motor sets, a light sensor, and a concave mirror has a power of al.With the construction of the perpendicular, the aim of this project is to increase the efficiency of power collection by 65 percent.Al proposed a method for optimizing the generation of solar panel output power in a PV system based on the simulation of two fuzzy controllers.With solar irradiance = 500Watts / m2 and temperature = 34.4° C, the maximum current of the I-V curve from this project is 1.573A and the highest voltage possible is 20 volts Full power point monitoring results for 23Watts with 51 percent and 11W with 24.52 percent of the output power's nominal value are fuzzy-based.On the other hand, is 35W, or 78 percent of the nominal production potential.
The Analog MPPT has a number of advantages to understand: the analog component with low power consumption, the rapidity, and the ability to convert all types of power.According to the results, 1000W / m2 equals 112.4W with a 13 percent solar panel efficiency.Mohammad H. Mohammed H. In, Moradi demonstrated an increase in the solar panel maximum power point monitoring reliability.Aria Solar's PV panel is 60 watts, 25 degrees Celsius, 1000 watts per square meter, with a current of 2.5 amps and a voltage of 23.1 volts.Calculating the setpoint and fine turning loops is the suggested algorithm.
The sun's light is concentrated to a single point using a lens or mirror and a tracking device is known as solar energy concentration.Heat is also generated by the sun's light and when we placed our focus on a single stage.This is the point will be subjected to solar heat output.This project is focused on solar energy measurements.
Arduino is a microcontroller board.Several sensors will be used in this project to calculate parameters.This project's main components are the solar panel, temperature sensor, the light sensor, the LCD screen, Arduino, the current sensor and voltage divider.

CIRCUIT SIMULATION
The diagram is divided into blocks.as well as the entire simulation circuit for this project, which was created with Proteus 8 Professional.The parameters are monitor on the LCD panel.This simulation circuit includes the following components.Solar panel generates about 12 volts of electricity.The circuit contains an LDR sensor that detects light intensity.The temperature sensor then detected temperature changes.
The Arduino Uno is used as the main controller in this project, and it needs electricity.This controller needs a 5V power supply.

Fig.1. SIMULATION CIRCUIT BLOCK DIAGRAM
The energy collected from the solar panel is collected using Arduino in this process.We must follow the sun's path and rotate the solar panel.The strategy is to use Arduino to construct a solar energy optimization.The current, voltage, and temperature are all determined using the LDR.The values will be reflected on the LCD.At the same time, we can display the data using an Android app on our computer.Since our system does not need human supervision, it saves a significant amount of time and resources.It can be placed almost anywhere, from a field to a house.

Fig.2. BLOCK DIAGRAM ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
This segment concentrates on the results of the simulation and the estimation.

Measurement Results
This section is divided into three sections: • light intensity.
• voltage versus light intensity.

Results of Light Intensity
The light intensity was measured for three days, as shown in Figure 4, with the solar panel placed at sunrise.According to the findings, at 2:00 p.m., the light intensity peaked at 980 Lux., and at 5.00 p.m., the minimum level was 700 Lux.The outcomes indicate that, at 11:00 a.m., the maximum light level was 970 Lux and at 5:00 p.m., the lowest light level was 350 Lux.
Figure 6 shows the amount of light averaged over three days with the solar panel set in the sunrise spot.At 12.00pm, the maximum light intensity was 950 Lux., and the at 5.00pm, the lowest light intensity was 830 Lux.

Results of Voltage versus Light Intensity
Figure 7 shows for the solar panel in the sunrise spot, the voltage versus light intensity is plotted.The highest recorded voltage was 14.75V with a light intensity of 945 Lux at 11.00 a.m., and the least recorded voltage was 9.18V with a light intensity of 695 Lux at 5.00 p.m.The highest recorded voltage was 13.15V at 10 a.m., with a light intensity of 929 Lux, and the lowest recorded voltage was 6.32V at 357 Lux at 5.00 p.m. Figure 9 shows this. the solar panel's output voltage vs. light intensity in the sunset location at 1.00 p.m., the highest recorded voltage was 12.57 volts with a light intensity of 964 lux, and at 9.00 a.m., the lowest recorded voltage was 11.19 volts with a luminosity of 931 lux.

Fig. 7. VOLTAGE VERSUS LIGHT INTENSITY FOR SUNRISE POSITION.
Table 3 shows voltage and light intensity at maximum and minimum for each location.The luminous strength has a higher value when the voltage value is higher.The current intensity of light would affect the voltage produced by the solar panel.

Results of Output Power
Figure 9 depicts the impact of the solar panel's output power in the sunrise location.At 4:00 p.m., the maximum power output was 2.4Watts.At 5:00 p.m., the minimum output was 0.34 W. At 12 p.m., the maximum power output was 1.7 watts.At 5.00pm, the minimum output was 0. 38W.Figure 10 depicts the impact of output power in the sunset position with the solar panel.At 5.00 p.m., the highest power output was 1.63 watts, and at 9.00 a.m., the lowest power output was 1.21 watts.The highest and lowest power levels outputs of the solar system are shown in Table 4 based on the position.At the sunrise location, the maximum generated power is 2.4 Watts., although the smallest amount of power produced is 0.45W.In the upward location, the maximum produced power is 1.7W.The lowest level power produced is 0.38Watts.
At the sunset location, the highest-level produced power is 1.63W.The smallest amount of power produced is 1.21W.

The Project Prototype
Figure 11 depicts a solar energy calculation prototype made with an Arduino UNO.The best solar panel energy position was the highest-voltage sunrise spot, was registered at 11.00 a.m. at 14.75V.The temperature was 34.32 degrees Celsius, and the brightness of the light was 954 lux.

Figure 3
Figure 3 depicts the temperature effects.It differs depending on the sensor condition throughout the simulation.The output voltage and light intensity simulation results are shown in Table1.

Fig. 3 .
Fig.3.THE TEMPERATURE OF VIRTUAL TERMINAL OUTPUT

Table 2
shows light strength at its highest and lowest points measured based on the location of the solar panel