ORGANIZING ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN IN THE ORIENTATION OF STEAM EDUCATION

The content of the article analyzes the advantages of STEAM education in the implementation of the kindergarten program in the current period and introduces the plan and results of activities for preschool children according to the STEAM orientation at the school at “May 19” Kindergarten Thai Nguyen City Thai Nguyen Province. On the basis of theoretical analysis and current situation, the author proposes a number of recommendations to effectively organize activities for preschool children according to the STEAM orientation in Preschools.


Research Article
contents according to Circular 28/2016 / TT-BGDĐT dated December 30, 2016 are in accordance with the correct age, ensuring sufficient documents, materials, and tools to serve in the education of children [6].
In the 2019-2020 school year, the school has 92 officers, teachers and staff members, including: 03 administrators; 71 teachers; 18 employees. 100% of managers and teachers have professional training qualifications that meet the standards and above standards. Teachers' managers, staff in the school are always allowed to participate in fostering and fostering to improve their professional qualifications and skills; enjoy full benefits under the current policy regime; annually assessed and rated according to principal standards and evaluated and rated teachers according to preschool teachers' professional standards [3]. In the school year 2019 -2020, the school has a total of 30 classes with 968 children.
Kindergartens include 6 classes, 196 children; Kindergarten 3-4 years old includes 8 classes with 211 children; Kindergarten 4-5 years old includes 7 classes with 265 children; Kindergarten class 5-6 years old with a total of 9 classes with 296 children [5]. The school's facilities are always invested with attention: 100% Classes have full air conditioners, televisions, shelves, etc. for children to operate; Block of specialized rooms: English classrooms, dance rooms, computer rooms, gymnasiums, multi-purpose houses, kitchen rooms, etc. are fully invested in modern facilities and equipment; The school has a standard playground area, spacious, with many trees. Children's playground is arranged into many areas such as: physical development area, nature discovery area, countryside market experience area, baby's vegetable garden, etc. has created a green, beautiful pedagogical environment [6].
In the educational program, children are always discovered and experienced through many different activities such as doing a scientific experiment, discovering objects [3], learning the principles of objects, knowledge of the universe, and crystal, volcano, water source, etc. [7]. However, to organize STEAM activities in accordance with the process, the school has not implemented it [4].
The design process works in 4 steps: Part 1: Icebreaking: Is the activity that attracts the child's attention, helps the child to have a relaxed, happy spirit, to focus more on the upcoming lesson. Part 2: Raising a problem that stimulates children's curiosity [8]. Ask open-ended questions to help your child reveal inherent insights. Direct children to ask the questions "why?" Part 3: Experience: Create an environment where children participate, experience the activity by themselves. Children will satisfy themselves with the question "why?" through that experience. Conclusion: Explain the meaning and lessons behind each activity. The action plan is implemented by us with the following specific process [ The air is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and has no certain shape. + The air has thrust, if affected, it can create wind, making objects move. + We will test the thrust of the air by trying to make cannons using the power of the air.

Activity 3: Share the principle of air cannons
Teacher's activities Children's Activities Inside the air cannon she made had a certain amount of air. As she pulls the rubber balloon backwards, there will be some air inside the rubber balloon. Now, if you release the rubber balloon, the air in the balloon will be pushed forward and push the air inside the cannon out, the affected air will create wind blowing into the paper doll, making the doll. a spilled paper calf. Let us count with you how many paper dolls have been spilled by your air cannon.
The child listened to her explaining the principle of air cannons.
Children count the spilled paper dolls.

Practicing activities, expanding
Teacher's activities Children's Activities -Do we want to make and test air cannons like you? -She divided the children into 3 groups, giving each group of children a set of tools to make air cannons. She instructs children how to make air cannons.
-Organize a competition for children to see which team's air cannons can spill more paper dolls.
-The child responded to her suggestion -Children follow her instructions.
-Children perform, compete with each other. 2.6. Guiding to self-study, consolidate knowledge, practice skills Teacher's activities Children's Activities -She repeated how to make air cannons and how air cannons work. -She tells children to go home to learn about energy use tools of the atmosphere, the next day to class share with her and friends.
-Children listen -Children memorize tasks Above is a plan we have instructed teachers to build. For the finalization plan, we have consulted Dr. NMU -University of Education -Thai Nguyen University. After editing according to expert opinion, we organize activities on 15 preschool children. To evaluate the effectiveness of the STEAM-oriented organization compared to the traditional organization, we conducted observations, using the following case study exercises:

Research Article
We use the Chi-square test to find the difference between the results achieved when teaching in a normal form and the STEAM-oriented organization on the following aspects: perception. , attitude, behavior. The results achieved in the above table are: Awareness: P = 0.00022534 Attitude: P = 0.0001521 Behavior: P = 0.00023603 To confirm whether that value is significant or not, we compare the result of P value with check the significance of mean difference to draw a conclusion. Checklist of mean difference Results Correlation between group composition and outcome P < 0,001 Significant correlation (The data is not likely to happen at random) P > 0,001 Correlation is not significant (Possible random data) Comparing with the P value based on the above criteria table shows that: The P value in the test when squaring the perception, attitude, and behavior are <0.001. Thus, the above result is significant, the difference is not likely to happen randomly [9]. This shows that the impact has brought results, the STEAM-oriented organization brings more efficiency, changes in a positive direction in perception, attitudes, and behaviors compared to ordinary organizations. . Thus, the STEAM-oriented organization will develop the child's psychology on all three aspects: perception, attitude, and behavior compared to the normal form of organization [10].

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
STEAM is a new educational model that can be effectively applied in public preschools in Vietnam. However, this is a new educational orientation, public preschools have not been implemented regularly, so teachers do not have the capacity to design and implement activities. The biggest difficulty when applying the STEAM educational model in public preschools is that the curriculum framework of the grade levels does not have much experience, there are not many scientific activities, etc. for children to carry out. STEAM activities; teachers have not been trained in the capacity to organize STEAM activities; infrastructure conditions are not rich, do not meet requirements when organizing activities. For successful STEAM-oriented public preschool activities, we have the following recommendations: Strengthening the thematic content related to STEAM-oriented children's activities in the nomination program preschool education personnel; additional topics for fostering STEAm educational capacity in regular training programs for teachers in public preschools; open training courses to help teachers actively design STEAM activities in the program. Preschool teachers actively collect safe waste materials to perform STEAM activities, create conditions for children to participate in activities, develop comprehensively the capacity of preschool children.